The Man Who Loved Flowers Essay

Why do people experience like killing another human being? And what are they stating themselves to do it okay? In our universe today there are a batch of slayings. Many of the slayers are convicted for their offenses so there are besides some of them who manage to steal off from the constabulary and the probe but so come the hardest sentence of them all. You will hold to populate whit the guilt of what you have done for the remainder of your life because you can non state anybody. The chief character in the narrative â€Å"The Man Who Loves Flowers† by Stephen King from 1977. Acts of the Apostless like it is no large trade possibly his greatest sorrow is that he will ne'er see his one true love. Norma. once more. The chief character is a immature adult male. who appears to be in love. He wears a Grey suit and a tie that is pulled down a small. His eyes are light blue and his hair is brown and cut short. He is apparent looking. but because he is in love. people on the street think he is beautiful. We are told he is on his manner to run into his miss Norma. and it all sounds really romantic. In the get downing the narrative is sweet. it is truly romantic. Particularly in the line â€Å"The air was soft and beautiful. the sky was darkening by slow grades from bluish to the composure and lovely violet of dusk† ( p. 175. ll. 2-4 ) In this sentence there is a complete love narrative. and you expect something lovely to go on subsequently in the narrative. There are told about all those small stores. and all those happy people. the ground there are giving. is that it is spring clip and everyone is in love. But the narrative does non go on that manner in the line â€Å"It was acquiring darker now †¦ could he hold been mistaken? † ( p. 179. ll. 41-42 ) the narrative is wholly barren of painting words. and beautiful scenes. He has gone into a narrow lane with refuse tins to run into whit his girlfriend whom he brings flowers. One starts to fell the creeps. and you know the narrative can non stop good. Possibly the chief character is schizophrenic in the line â€Å"His name was love. and he walked these dark streets because Norma was waiting for him. And he would happen him. Some twenty-four hours soon† ( p. 180. ll. 24-25 ) this line is from merely after he killed the immature miss that looked like Norma but he does non care that he had merely taken another life. He is merely looking frontward to when he is traveling to run into his dead girlfriend. whom he still thinks he loves. He knows it is incorrect because when he kills her he makes certain that she does non shout. and he does it in a dark back street so no 1 knows or sees it. It truly is like the chief character has to personalities. one that is bright and in love with his dream miss Norma. the miss he hopes to run into shortly. it is the 1 he shows to the remainder of the universe and it makes everybody believe he is beautiful. The other is dark. the personality of a liquidator who kills merely because the miss he frightens screams. like Norma did when she was killed. in the same back street. The rubric of the narrative is The Man Who Loved Flowers. which when you read it makes certain that one puts peculiar attending to the florist and you think about the flower bouquet the whole clip. and particularly in the line â€Å"†¦the spill of flowers fell out of his manus. the spill spilled and broke unfastened. sloping ruddy. white. and xanthous tea roses beside the bent rubbish cans†¦Ã¢â‚¬  ( p. 180. ll. 8-10 ) . where you take notice to the tea roses that seems so out of topographic point. in the dark back street with a consecutive slayer. It is opposite to the beginning where the roses seem so absolutely in topographic point with a happy adult male there is on his manner to run into his girlfriend. The flowers in this narrative highlights the passage from beautiful spring eventide where you could believe a adult male in love would by his girlfriend flowers. to a dark back street with refuse tins where 1 could ne'er conceive of a pretty corsage. Possibly the chief character. who calls himself love. putting to deaths merely to experience some exhilaration in his life once more and he tells himself that it is O.K. because he is merely looking for Norma. whom he will happen someday. finally.

Digital Fortress Chapter 12

David Becker had been to funerals and seen dead bodies before, but there was something particularly unnerving about this one. It was not an immaculately groomed corpse resting in a silk-lined coffin. This body had been stripped naked and dumped unceremoniously on an aluminum table. The eyes had not yet found their vacant, lifeless gaze. Instead they were twisted upward toward the ceiling in an eerie freeze-frame of terror and regret. â€Å"?Donde estan sus efectos?† Becker asked in fluent Castillian Spanish. â€Å"Where are his belongings?† â€Å"Alli,† replied the yellow-toothed lieutenant. He pointed to a counter of clothing and other personal items. â€Å"?Es todo? Is that all?† â€Å"Si.† Becker asked for a cardboard box. The lieutenant hurried off to find one. It was Saturday evening, and the Seville morgue was technically closed. The young lieutenant had let Becker in under direct orders from the head of the Seville Guardia-it seemed the visiting American had powerful friends. Becker eyed the pile of clothes. There was a passport, wallet, and glasses stuffed in one of the shoes. There was also a small duffel the Guardia had taken from the man's hotel. Becker's directions were clear: Touch nothing. Read nothing. Just bring it all back. Everything. Don't miss anything. Becker surveyed the pile and frowned. What could the NSA possibly want with this junk? The lieutenant returned with a small box, and Becker began putting the clothes inside. The officer poked at the cadaver's leg. â€Å"?Quienes? Who is he?† â€Å"No idea.† â€Å"Looks Chinese.† Japanese, Becker thought. â€Å"Poor bastard. Heart attack, huh?† Becker nodded absently. â€Å"That's what they told me.† The lieutenant sighed and shook his head sympathetically. â€Å"The Seville sun can be cruel. Be careful out there tomorrow.† â€Å"Thanks,† Becker said. â€Å"But I'm headed home.† The officer looked shocked. â€Å"You just got here!† â€Å"I know, but the guy paying my airfare is waiting for these items.† The lieutenant looked offended in the way only a Spaniard can be offended. â€Å"You mean you're not going to experience Seville?† â€Å"I was here years ago. Beautiful city. I'd love to stay.† â€Å"So you've seen La Giralda?† Becker nodded. He'd never actually climbed the ancient Moorish tower, but he'd seen it. â€Å"How about the Alcazar?† Becker nodded again, remembering the night he'd heard Pacode Lucia play guitar in the courtyard-Flamenco under the stars in a fifteenth-century fortress. He wished he'd known Susan back then. â€Å"And of course there's Christopher Columbus.† The officer beamed. â€Å"He's buried in our cathedral.† Becker looked up. â€Å"Really? I thought Columbus was buried in the Dominican Republic.† â€Å"Hell no! Who starts these rumors? Columbus's body is here in Spain! I thought you said you went to college.† Becker shrugged. â€Å"I must have missed that day.† â€Å"The Spanish church is very proud to own his relics.† The Spanish church. Becker knew here was only one church in Spain-the Roman Catholic church. Catholicism was bigger here than in Vatican City. â€Å"We don't, of course, have his entire body,† the lieutenant added. â€Å"Solo el escroto.† Becker stopped packing and stared at the lieutenant. Solo el escroto? He fought off a grin. â€Å"Just his scrotum?† The officer nodded proudly. â€Å"Yes. When the church obtains the remains of a great man, they saint him and spread the relics to different cathedrals so everyone can enjoy their splendor.† â€Å"And you got the†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Becker stifled a laugh. â€Å"Oye! It's a pretty important part!† the officer defended. â€Å"It's not like we got a rib or a knuckle like those churches in Galicia! You should really stay and see it.† Becker nodded politely. â€Å"Maybe I'll drop in on my way out of town.† â€Å"Mala suerte.† The officer sighed. â€Å"Bad luck. The cathedral's closed till sunrise mass.† â€Å"Another time then.† Becker smiled, hoisting the box. â€Å"I should probably get going. My flight's waiting. â€Å"He made a final glance around the room. â€Å"You want a ride to the airport?† the officer asked. â€Å"I've got a Moto Guzzi out front.† â€Å"No thanks. I'll catch a cab.† Becker had driven a motorcycle once in college and nearly killed himself on it. He had no intention of getting on one again, regardless of who was driving. â€Å"Whatever you say,† the officer said, heading for the door. â€Å"I'll get the lights.† Becker tucked the box under his arm. Have I got everything? He took a last look at the body on the table. The figure was stark naked, face up under fluorescent lights, clearly hiding nothing. Becker found his eyes drawn again to the strangely deformed hands. He gazed a minute, focusing more intently. The officer killed the lights, and the room went dark. â€Å"Hold on,† Becker said. â€Å"Turn those back on.† The lights flickered back on. Becker set his box on the floor walked over to the corpse. He leaned down and squinted at the man's left hand. The officer followed Becker's gaze. â€Å"Pretty ugly, huh?† But the deformity was not what had caught Becker's eye. He'd seen something else. He turned to the officer. â€Å"You're sure everything's in this box?† The officer nodded. â€Å"Yeah. That's it.† Becker stood for moment with his hands on his hips. Then he picked up the box, carried it back over to the counter, and dumped it out. Carefully, piece by piece, he shook out the clothing. Then he emptied the shoes and tapped them as if trying to remove a pebble. After going over everything a second time, he stepped back and frowned. â€Å"Problem?† asked the lieutenant. â€Å"Yeah,† Becker said. â€Å"We're missing something.†

Analysis Phase Of System Development Life Cycle Thesis - 1

Analysis Phase Of System Development Life Cycle - Thesis Example Remaining at the current status will likely cost $53,230 each year while by implementing the new system, the corporate will save half of this amount. Improving the current system (software and hardware) will cost $35,000. A thorough analysis tells us the needs of this company, whats wrong with the current system, potential problems toward implementation and costs. The recommendation of this paper is to conduct a thorough analysis of the situation, build budgets and timelines that reflect realities, understand that employees are going to be a little skeptical (so spend time and money on training) and also understand there will be a learning curve. Corporate House needs to implement this enterprise system to solve the stated problems. Doing so will allow for unlimited growth and if the improved information, reporting and efficiencies allow them to after accounting for implementation costs. Information systems, in theory, are geared toward helping improve productivity by improving the flow of information. But when systems become obsolete or a company grows or both, the information systems can turn from an advantage into a liability. Employees find they must work around the system, rather than work with the system. What is the best step when an information system no longer is able to meet the needs of the organization? Should a company simply invest in patches in the current system and do business as usual? Or would a new system be called for? There are certainly advantages and disadvantages to both of these processes. But to make a rational decision, a company needs to have an understanding of where it currently is with the system, where it needs to be, and the steps that are necessary to get there. In the following case with Corporate House, well do just that. Corporate House, a generic company, is finding itself in the same position as a lot of

Management Role-Perception, Attitude, and Vaules Essay

Management Role-Perception, Attitude, and Vaules - Essay Example Considering the articulations from Robbins, the extent that influencing work environment values which are helpful for an organization on hierarchical practices is concerned, the capacity of workers inside an organization and improved work environment upgrades worker gainfulness. For instance, standard well-being offices will secure the life of the specialists. In the event of any danger at work they have some confirmation of some wage. This guaranteed salary has a tendency to minimize any inhibitory reasons for alarm of the laborers giving themselves completely to their work (Robbins & Judge, 2011). Administration Role-Perception, Attitude, and Values are the center explanations that comes as a consequence of viable coordination of a given association administration. In todays working environment, representatives need to enhance their information and aptitudes consistently to have the capacity to perform their occupations. Henceforth, pioneers of associations are looking to apply the best preparing systems to guarantee greatest execution and gainfulness. The coordination of an association executes all the bearings according to the administration for success. For this to be considered, the administration continues redesigning its administrations and also giving preparing to its representatives to improvement of an

Business plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business plan - Assignment Example This has been in practice by people regardless of their age ranging from their childhood which poses as great dange (Henry, 2013)r. Also from the time of industrialization in this world whereby machines replaced work done by human especially the practical and manual work, many people have engaged in business or work practices which they engage passively. Most people work in offices and spend all of their day sited. This makes their bodies to be more relaxed which is a great danger. Due to the above practices which have been caused by emanating factors in the environment such as technological developments in food and in how work is carried out, diseases have come into being which have killed and continue to kill people all over (Pinson, 2004). An example of a lifestyle disease is cancer which results from eating unhealthy food which comprises mostly of junk food and on the other hand not practicing at all. As per the above aspects of life, it is thus worth to come up with a fitness center which will tend to assist people to maintain a good living characterized with good health through training and proper dieting. This is a spelled out in the fitness centers vision, mission and the strategy of the organization (Bisoux, 2002). Good health fitness center is an entity whose main goal will be to create a fit and healthy society. Good training and proper dieting will be our main objective which we intend to teach the society in order to make the world a better place. Our agenda is to eliminate lifestyle diseases in the future through our committed staff of well-trained fitness guides who will be of help to the society through their advice on how to train and live well. Our goal is also to create branches throughout the nation In order to ease access of training facilities and services. Our vision is to be the best in weight management, group fitness, cardio and martial arts. Our mission is to be the best firm in

Critically assess the theoretical and practical debates about Essay

Critically assess the theoretical and practical debates about stakeholding focussing either on the basic income or asset aspects. Address the issues in the context of a particular society of your choice - Essay Example The concept of stakeholding stipulates that every citizen upon attainment of an adulthood age, 21 years as proposed by Ackerman and Alstott, should receive a considerable lump sum one-time grant from the government. The amount given should be sufficient to qualify one as a significant wealth owner. Ackerman and Alstott recommended that the amount should total $80,000 in the United States (Ackerman et al, 2006). This essay is aimed at critically assessing the theoretical and practical debates concerning stakeholders grant in relation to basic income or assets. The Presented discussion will be addressed in the context of African American society in the United States. The need for contemporary public policies has been necessitated by the transformative nature of the current labour market. Sherraden (2005) argued that market risks no longer impact directly on collective intermediary, government and insurance institutions but affects individuals and consequently their families. The current framework of social welfare has proved ineffective as witnessed from the deterioration of means tested program systems and lack of will by the governing institutions. Therefore, Ackerman and Alstott noted that the introduction of stakeholding would lead to progressive redistribution of wealth among members of the society (Ackerman et al, 2006). According to Paxton and White (2005), social policy campaign by egalitarian crusaders of has been focused on the redistribution of resource ownership. Proponents of stakeholding as form of social policy argues that highly privileged individuals inherit wealth from their parents while children from poor backgrounds are like ly to continue languishing due to absence of inheritance. In such a scenario, underprivileged African Americans have been left without prerequisite resources to attend colleges and universities. Arguments by Ackerman and Alstott have been evidenced by the extent of income disparity between

Also related to Electronic Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Also related to Electronic Engineering - Essay Example If the average mission time for the vehicle to go submerged and returned to surface is 1 day and 12 hours, compute the reliability of this control system for the mission. (ii) Compare the reliability of a single oxygen control system and that of the â€Å"duplicate†ystem above given the same individual component specifications and operating conditions, inclusive of mission time. EMI or Electromagnetic interference is a naturally occurring phenomenon when the electromagnetic field of one particle or device interrupts, hinders or corrupts the electromagnetic field of another particle or device by coming into proximity with it. While EMC or Electromagnetic Compatibility is the capability of a system to work in its own electromagnetic environment without creating any kind of electromagnetic disturbances to any other system in that environment. Broadband Interference is interference which has a broad spectral energy distribution and exhibits a wide frequency range. It is normally measured in "decibels above one microvolt (or microampere) per Megahertz"   e.g., dBuV/MHz or dBuA/MHz. On the other hand, Narrowband Interference has its principal spectral range confined to a specific frequency or frequencies.   This type of interference is usually produced by an oscillator circuit which contains energy only at the frequency of oscillation and harmonics of that frequency.   It is normally measured in "decibels above one microvolt (or microampere)", e.g., dBuV or dBuA.   The first sources of EMI are the Ground Loop Systems in the electronic equipments like the audio / video systems. This is a common problem when connecting multiple audio-visual system components together, there is an interruption of audio signals which cause a humming noise in the audio signals and produces interference bars to picture. At times, this can eventually damage the equipment. The second source of

Strategic Retail Management in Competitive Environment Essay

Strategic Retail Management in Competitive Environment - Essay Example Perception of many people from brand name has moved towards product quality cost and service delivered (Experian, 2011). This has motivated several new retailers to enter into the already competitive market. This has raised survival issues for many new and old retailers, and demands for new strategies and activities to sustain their position in the market (Experian, 2011). The culture of buying has shifted largely towards online viewing and ordering. People visiting the store are easy to urge towards company’s product, and they are the ones who gives the company greater revenue than the online buyers (Experian, 2011). However, this ratio has also taken a 180 degree change in many of the top retail stores, including the ones discuss in this paper, where online buyers makes around 80% of the total income of the company (Experian, 2011). 1. Competitive Environment of UK Retail Industry The retail sector of UK is the only largest private recruiter because it employs around three m illion people. This sector covers a prominent percentage of employment in UK because more than half of the UK population work part time in retail stores. The retail industry of UK is immensely supportive for the economy of the region as it generates abundance of revenue to sustain the economical position of UK. Therefore, the in order to evaluate the environment of this sector Porter’s five forces analysis and PEST analysis of the industry are being done (Obitz, 2009). Porter’s Five Forces Analysis of UK Luxury Retail Sector The analysis of the retail industry of UK is significant for accomplishing the purpose of the paper. Therefore, when it comes to analyze the competitive environment of any industry, Porter’s Five Forces Model appears covering all the areas required for evaluating a competitive environment. i. Threats of Substitute The threat for substitute products in the luxury retail market of UK is quite low as non-food items sold by luxury retailers do n ot have major substitutes. This is due to the fact that buyers purchase luxury items as a result of their perceived luxury associated with their purchases and therefore they do not substitute these products. The threat of substitute is not apparent and the actual threat is only limited to the pricing offered by different retailers for similar products (Nwankwo & Gbadamosi, 2011). ii. Threats of New Entrants In the luxury retail side of the market, there are lower threats of the new entrants in the industry. This is due to the high level of barriers for developing brand and then high level of investment is required for developing brand recognition and its positioning in the luxury brand market. It is difficult for new market entrants to offer product differentiation in the cloth retailing and also change buyers’ attitude which keeps them loyal to already existing luxury brands. Moreover, it has been noted in the luxury retail market that existing brands place barriers for the new entrants by increasing their marketing activities and also undertaking other initiatives that could

Learning Community Essay Example for Free

Learning Community Essay Nowadays the popularity of online learning is swiftly increasing and more students prefer distance learning to traditional as it offers certain benefits. Walden University offers students opportunities to receive highly-qualified education and to save time on other important things as job, families, etc. What is Walden University? Walden University is an accredited institution which provides engaging learning experience both for professionals and non-professionals. The mission of the University learning community is to attract extraordinary students and to make positive social impact. Learning Community is represented by diverse and vibrant faculty and dedicated students. Faculty members are able to enrich online learning community offering wide range of experiential and educational backgrounds. All members are gifted mentors and highly-talented teachers who are fully committed to University’s core values and mission – to provide educational accesses, social change and professional excellence. Moreover, members of learning community teach the values of integrity and quality. Students of learning community are mid-career professionals who are willing to gain professional achievement and to remain dedicated to lifelong learning. All students are allowed to exchange their ideas and to share diverse perspectives with other faculty members, as well as with fellow students nationwide. It becomes apparent that relationships within community are professional and, at the same time, friendly-oriented. Further, faculty and staff at Walden University will help to balance education with professional and personal commitments. Essential resources are available for mastering skills: Writing Center, world-class library, tutoring, etc. Scholar-practitioners develop all degree programs and they continually visit courses to make sure they possess all modern updates relevant to profession chosen. Learning community offers also international perspective. Every student becomes a member of international community with more than 270,000 members online. More than 50 campuses are in 16 countries. Every student may enter the Laureate International Network and to be provided with excellent opportunity to expand international viewpoint and to apply obtained knowledge to professional life. The most important moment to admit is that Walden University learning community strongly believes that knowledge is the most valuable as it is the most effective way work for greater good. In other words, Walden University calls for social changes. Students and faculty members are willing to improve social and human conditions. They create ideas how to promote individual development, as well as development of organizations, communities and society as a whole. The goal of learning community is to help students to become scholar-practitioners and to conduct scholarly researches in the chosen field. The mission is to provide diverse learning community with friendly-oriented relations and with the opportunity to become scholar-practitioners. It is necessary to underline that learning community of Walden University has influenced both my professional life and the life of the whole society as Walden University promotes the values of knowledge, integrity, quality, honesty and fairness which are the most important in contemporary world. I can apply knowledge not only to critical societal challenges, but also to advance the greater good and social relations. I really appreciate the Walden University offers entirely online courses as it offers certain benefits for me. To be a member of society means being concerned with everyday human relations, emotions and interpersonal skills and Walden learning community gives such a chance. Financial benefits of online courses are ability to save money spent on housing, transportation and food and ability to keep part-time as well as full-time job at the same time. Walden University gives and excellent opportunity to be involved into interactive teamwork between students’ groups i. e. ability to correspond with other students from different parts of the world. Walden University offers modern way of learning which gives an opportunity to master skills and to save time on family, friends and job. References Online Degree: About Walden University. Retrieved June 10, 2008, from http://info. waldenu. edu/aboutwalden. php Walden University: Official Website. Retrieved June 10, 2008, from http://www. waldenu. edu/ Walden University: Online Degree Programs. Retrieved June 10, 2008, from http://www. worldwidelearn. com/waldenu/index. php

Living In A Surveillance Society Information Technology Essay

Living In A Surveillance Society Information Technology Essay To say we are consciously or unconsciously sleep walking into surveillance society is a question of fact because frankly speaking individuals in society go through some form of surveillance. The security attached to surveillance allows individuals embrace it and sometimes with the knowledge of risks that come with being watched meanwhile others walk into a surveillance society without any knowledge of such dangers. 1.2 Judging from past and present events reported in several cases, journals and articles about the benefits and dangers that accompany a surveillance society, I am of the opinion that there is a need to analyse the concept of a surveillance society to ascertain if the concerns of the Information Commissioner are justified or not. 1.3 This essay would surround different issues in relation to a surveillance society such as individual privacy, data protection, laws that provide for data protection, different forms of surveillance and surveillance technologies with a view to providing some clarity regarding the concerns of the commissioner on the concept of a surveillance society. 2.0 Surveillance 2.1 Definition of surveillance Surveillance is viewed as having information about ones movement and activities recorded by technologies on behalf of the organisations and governments that structured our society.  [1]  Surveillance was also defined as a purposeful routine, systematic and focused attention paid to personal details for the sake of control, entitlement, management, influence or protection.  [2]   In my opinion, to be under surveillance means that almost every aspect of an individuals life is been watched, monitored and controlled by others who consider themselves superior and thereby deny people of their right to privacy and control of different aspects of their lives. Professor Ian J.Lloyd, referring to Alan Westins seminar work on Information Technology in a Democracy identified three types of surveillance as: physical, psychological and data surveillance  [3]   Physical surveillance involves the watching and monitoring of acts of individuals in a society and can be carried out with or without the use of surveillance technologies. The use of spies, spooks and acts of security agencies fall within the above and is applied to limited individuals. Psychological surveillance involves the use of surveillance technologies to monitor the activities of individuals in a society by the use of interrogations. Furthermore, data surveillance involves the use of ones personal information to monitor their activities. Due to technology compliance by countries, dataveillance is the most prominent form of surveillance used which is supported by electronic devices. 2.2 Living in a surveillance society The idea of a surveillance society springs from the fears of the government and people as regards the reoccurring threats to lives of individuals based on past events like terrorism, fraud, armed robbery and shop lifting. In finding solutions to these problems, certain measures and forms of surveillance were introduced to provide security, and whether these solutions are appropriate, remains a question as there might be more invasive answers which result to an individuals right to privacy and anonymity being infringed. Focus should reflect the attainment of social goals rather than living in the shadow of the consequence of a surveillance society.  [4]   The United Kingdom (UK)is an example of a country that is fully compliant with the idea of a surveillance society because almost every aspect of their lives starting from taking a walk on the streets, driving their cars, going shopping in the supermarkets, going to the hospital and even in their work place they are under surveillance and this is so because the UK is a highly technologically developed country with access to lots of surveillance technologies used to monitor the activities in the life of their citizens and the UK has been described as the most surveyed country with more CCTV cameras but the irony is that it still has loose laws on privacy and data protection. In Britain there are about 4.2 million CCTV cameras, one for every fourteen people, meaning that an individuals activities can be captured by over three hundred cameras a day. Reporters claim Britain has the biggest DNA data base with over a million innocent peoples data on, with some being aware and others in the dark and with the advent of new and improved modern surveillance technologies being introduced individuals will be subjected to even more surveillance than they are going through today.  [5]   A surveillance society is not a totally bad concept as it has its advantages and disadvantages. Its advantages include provision of security and protection of people from computer hackers, terrorists, threats to public security, provides speed and enhances co-ordination  [6]  . Consequent upon the pros of a surveillance society, the greatest negative effect of a surveillance society is the threat to privacy of individuals, though we seem to be more concerned with our fears and in the process over look the possibility that being fully dependent on surveillance technologies for safety could end up being of more harm to us than good. Surveillance creates lack of trust and raises suspicion between citizens, citizens and the state, thereby heightening the need for us to control and monitor our activities. 2.3 Surveillance Technologies There are different kinds of surveillance technologies that are used in our society today which can also be summarized under the different forms of surveillance. Some examples of surveillance technologies includes as follows: (a) Video surveillance i.e. the use of Closed-circuit Televisions (CCTV) (b) Telecommunications surveillance (c) Biometrics (d) Shop Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags (e) Loyalty cards (f) Internet cookies (g) Data Flows (h) Locating, Tracking Tagging Technologies (I) London Oyster Cards e.t.c Video Surveillance This is considered the most popular kind of surveillance technology used in a surveillance society because the use of CCTV cameras enable the capturing of images of individuals who go about their activities with the aim of preventing crime. CCTV cameras are devices that have actively been used in Britain to watch people and as such it has been predicted by experts that by the year 2009, 642 million pounds would have been spent on video surveillance software as against the 147million pounds spent in 2004 in a bid to reducing the crime rate.  [7]   Telecommunications surveillance This involves the use of technical equipments such as Global Positioning System (GPS), tapping of phones by the police or security services and it involves the exchange of data and information which is enabled by large scale digital and computing systems such as the internet. Biometrics Surveillance Biometrics is another very common surveillance technology being used today in most organizations, embassies and airports. This form of identification includes body trace e.g. fingerprints, iris scans, facial topography and hand scans which are all used on different passports and I.D card systems. Biometrics has been predicted to cause UK a healthy sum of 4.7 billion industry in 2009 which initially in the year 2003 cost 675 million and this is so because of the creation of more sophisticated surveillance technologies like smart cameras to iris identification, all with the belief that there will be accuracy in identification and crime will be reduced.  [8]   Radio Frequency Identification Technologies (RFID) It involves the use of radio frequency communications as a way to track goods as they move through the supply chain. RFID are embedded into products, pallets and cases thereby enabling the RFID readers read information from those tags  [9]  . Data flows Surveillance This is a very sensitive form of surveillance as it is gathered by surveillance technologies and it flows around computer networks and has been described by Clarke R as dataveillance which is the systematic use of personal data systems in the investigation or monitoring of the actions of one or more persons  [10]  .In most circumstances of data subjects consents to giving their data, but what now happens in a situation whereby the data is transferred elsewhere and there is no idea as to where the data goes by either the public or data sharing agencies. In such a case one tends to wonder if we can say we have confidence in the state as regards the safety of our data. With the use of these technologies you can see that in a surveillance society our lives can be monitored entirely as everything you do has one form of surveillance technology which can be used to track you. Some of these technologies include Global Positioning System(GPS) which can be use in tracking your precise location, loyalty cards which can be use to determine your capacity in shopping and as such marketers know how to target a customer based on his or her spending habits and even the internet can be monitored because every individual leaves trails when browsing the internet and this trails are called cookies which are left on a users machine thereby recognizing when visits were made to that site thereby making the activities of user traceable  [11]  . There are also non-technological means of surveillance of surveillance which we practice as individuals in the society such as eavesdropping, watching, use of human spies and many others  [12]  . But these methods due to the advent of technology and modernity are gradually fading away because they are looked upon as ineffective compared to technological mediums. This is because surveillance technologies provide faster means of security, safety and certainty. We are left with the concern of how effective surveillance technologies are to our lives and to what extent can we say that they have made a positive impact on our lives than the negative ones. 2.4 The Negative and Positive Impact of Surveillance on our society. A surveillance society has its negative and positive impacts on our lives as individuals in the society but the negatives impacts are greater than the positive ones. Surveillance society has a way of setting traps for individuals in a society and this trap includes: (a)Thinking that surveillance is a product of new technologies and (b)Thinking of surveillance as a malign plot hatched by evil powers.  [13]   Ones an individuals looks at the concept of a surveillance society in this light then it is easy for one to fall into the trap of a surveillance society and the dangers that it poses to how lives. Apart from a sense of security, safety, minimum amount of risks, swift flow of goods, people and information which we as individuals believe are the positive effects of surveillance on our lives, what other way can we really say that a surveillance society has improved our lives or limited the risks and dangers we go through every day because irrespective of all the different forms of surveillance both technological and non-technological, It has not kept us out of harms way. The presence of CCTV cameras in the UK has not reduced the level of crime as terrorist still find means of operating and planning attacks. More so, individual personal data are still being used against them and all thanks to surveillance. Surveillance creates room for suspicion and lack of trust in the society because why should employers feel there is a need to monitor the affairs of their employees by bugging their cell phones, putting tracking devices in their company vehicles, storage of employees personal data, making them undertake certain medical tests and answering personal questions about their lives which could be used against them in the future. Surveillance exposes individuals in a society to harm as we may not know who is watching us and what purpose our data is being used for because in the UK and the world at large, we still do not have updated data protection laws that would secure our database from unauthorized access or leakage and therefore leaving us in harms way if our personal data was to fall into the hands of the wrong person because those watching us could pose a threat to us, instead of providing us with security. Surveillance encourages social discrimination relating to race and ethnicity as sometimes our personal data is used to determine the level of benefits we get in the society. Surveillance encourages deceit, dishonesty and function creep in the sense that the data controllers tell the people that they need their data for a particular purpose and end up using such data for another purpose. Also surveillance technologies help marketers to manipulate customers data in the sense that the use of Loyalty Cards which is common in the UK helps producers to monitor the resources of a customer by their shopping habits and as such they come up with ways to direct marketing to that customer in order to make profits and this is wrong. Another negative effect of a surveillance society which I consider to be the most crucial is the infringement of ones right to privacy and the total loss of an individuals anonymity in the society. Privacy is a fundamental right of every individual in a society but you find that in a surveillance society, it is not possible for one to exercise that right because everywhere you go, you cant be anonymous because cameras are watching in the streets and as such the whole idea of privacy and anonymity has been defeated. The above effects of surveillance are more negative than positive and much more has to be done to grant us more confidence that our society is safe. 3.0 The Right to Privacy In Relation to a Surveillance Society 3.1 What is Privacy? The concept of Privacy in relation to a surveillance society is of paramount importance because an individuals privacy in society is a constitutional right which should not be infringed. One cannot talk about a surveillance society without the issue of privacy. Privacy and surveillance cannot co-exist together without one being a hindrance to the other. A surveillance society cannot function without crossing the path of privacy while privacy cannot be secured in a surveillance society, which poses a dilemma to individuals because we are left with two options which are: (a)Choose Surveillance and forego your privacy and (b)Choose your Privacy and live with the possibility of being exposed to danger and risks at any time With these options, whatever choice will make us prone to loosing something important to our lives. 3.2 Definitions of Privacy Privacy was defined by Judge Cooley in the year 1888 as The right to be left alone   [14]  . Privacy has also been defined by some writers as: The right of the individual to be protected against intrusion into his personal life or affairs or those of his family, by direct physical means or by publication of information  [15]   Privacy is very important to individuals in the sense that it is the only form of dignity and pride individuals have. Therefore laws need to protect this right, otherwise people in a surveillance society will become puppets who have no control as to how their personal data and information is used and manipulated by the Puppet masters. Article 8 of the Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms (Convention), 1985 provides which was ratified by the Council of Europe provides that: (1) Everyone has the right to respect for his private and family life, his home and his correspondence. (2)There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right except such as in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interest of national security, public safety of economic well-being of the country, for the prevention of disorder or crime, for the protection of health morals or for the protection of the rights of freedoms of others.  [16]   This convention as of that year was not a confirmed law and its provisions could only be confirmed in European Courts and because UK was a signatory for the Council of Europe, the Convention applied to the UK but in 1998 the Human Rights Acts (HRA) was enacted in the UK and were incorporated into the UK law and a more recent Law was enacted in 2000 in charter (7) of the Fundamental rights of the European Union which provided for right to privacy in respect to modern day communication.  [17]   3.3 Issues of Privacy in Relation to a surveillance society A surveillance society is a huge area of contention in relation to privacy in the sense that it affects every aspect of an individuals life. Eric Barendt ,Described the fight between surveillance and privacy as (Political) he said: prominent figures mostly politicians, celebrities, members of the royal family are trying to protect their lives from media scrutiny meanwhile on the other hand the press which is surveillance in this case is fighting to retain their liberty of publication  [18]   He was also of the view that privacy is a fundamental human right that should not be Infringed on either by the government, business, individual or the media  [19]   As individuals in a surveillance society we need to have the right to preserve our privacy but if our actions keep on being monitored by technological or non-technological means of surveillance, it will leave a trail which can be traced back to us. Also, the fact that our personal data is constantly being transferred from one data base to another and processed by different processors makes access to our personal information easy. In the case of R v Brown  [20]  , Lord Hoffman in his judgement stated: Privacy which is the right to keep oneself to our self, to tell other people that certain things are none of their business is under technological threat due to the different and various types of surveillance e.g. surveillance cameras, telephone bugs, which are used by individuals in the society today.  [21]   Also in the case of Leander v Sweden  [22]  , Mr Torsten Leander was denied employment as a result of his personal information which was held in a register and was revealed to his employer without knowledge of the kind of information that was kept about him and for what purpose it will be used and this constituted a breach of his right to privacy provided for in Article 8 (1) Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms (Convention). In the case of Campbell v Mirror Group Newspapers  [23]  , taking pictures of Miss Campbell outside the Nacortics Anonymous, breached her right to privacy when her photos were published. She appealed on the grounds of breach of confidence by the media and which is one of her fundamental human right and against the provisions of the Data protection Act (1998). The court of appeal was against the verdict of the case but on appeal the House of Lords passed judgement in her favour which also gave rise to other opinions concerning the extent to which ones privacy can be said to have been breached. In the case of Craxi v Italy, it was established that there was indeed an infringement of Article 8 of the European convention on human rights, though Mr. Craxi was guilty of committing certain offences, it was held that: the state failed to provide safe custody of the transcripts of telephone conversation which Were presented as evidence before the court and to subsequently carry out an effective Investigation as to how those private communications were released into public domain  [24]   Privacy is gradually becoming lost in our society irrespective of the different Laws that have been established in our society, we cant honestly say that they protect our personal information from the dangers of a surveillance society such as globalization, the internet and the continuous invention of new technologies by virtue of new discoveries. 4.0 REGULATIONS A society cannot exist without laws and supervisory authorities that would regulate the actions and behaviours of individuals. In a surveillance society, there is a great need for laws and bodies to be established in other to oversee and supervise the way our personal data is being used because without people watching those who process our data, there is a risk of danger to us as our information could be manipulated and used against us if it were to fall into wrong hands. Blackmail by criminals and discrimination to our person could result where medical data about an individual who has HIV or other deadly diseases was to leak, as the person could be subject to social discrimination and stigmatisation. As a result of this, different countries have supervisory authorities who possess some powers to ensure that our privacy is protected in a surveillance society. Article 28 (1) and (2) of the data protection Directive provides for the establishment of these supervisory authorities and their powers. In the UK we have the information commissioner meanwhile other member countries except Germany have a single supervisory authority who supervise the affairs of their personal data.  [25]   Different Laws have been enacted and put in place in our society today so as to make sure that our personal information is protected but these laws have their strengths and weaknesses and cannot be relied on completely by individuals in a surveillance society. Most of this law are guided by some basic principles such as: (a)Personal data must be processed fairly and lawfully. (b)Personal data should not be use for any purpose other than the purpose it was obtained for. (c)Personal data must be accurate and kept up to date. (d)An individual must be informed of when personal data about them is collected. (e)The purpose for which personal data was obtained should be stated. (f)The consent of the individual must be obtained before obtaining their personal information (g)Individuals must be told how their data will be protected from misuse. (I)Individuals should be told how they can access their data and should be able to verify its accuracy and request changes where necessary  [26]  . The above represent the basic fair information principles (FIP) that regulate the control of our personal data in a surveillance society. These principles exist side by side with some laws in controlling the use of our data. Some of these laws include: (1)European Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC. (2)Data Protection Act 1998. (3)Regulation of investigatory powers Act 2000. (4)Anti-Terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001. (5)The Council of Europe Convention. (6)OECD 1980 Laws. (7)Telecommunications Directive (97/66/EC). (8) Electronic communications Act 2000. 4.1 Data Protection Act (1998) The need of data protections laws arouse out of the growing use of computers in the 1970s and the threat to personal privacy that rapid manipulation of data posed and as a result data was made easily accessible from many different points. Computer technology makes it possible for data to be transferred from one data base to another by data controllers and processors such as employers, companies, government agencies and so on and data subjects most of the time are not aware of the purpose for which their personal data is being used.  [27]   Schedule 1 of the Act provides for the principles of data protection, schedule 2 provides for all personal data and schedule 3 provides only for sensitive personal data. The Act defined personal data in section 1 as data which relate to a living individual who can be identified from those data or from those data which are under procession of or is likely to come into the possession of the data controller  [28]  . It also provides in section 2 for sensitive personal data which is personal data consisting of information as to racial or ethnic origin, sexual life, mental health, religious beliefs  [29]   The Act is a regulatory law that is recognised by the UK and as such section 6  [30]  of the Act provides for the Office of the Information Commissioner and the tribunal and their powers as supervisory authorities with regards to our personal data and this Act applies to the United Kingdom (UK) and any other (EEA) state by virtue of section 5 of this act  [31]   The Act also provides data subjects with some rights in order to protect their personal data such as: Right to access of our personal data Right to be informed of our personal data and the purpose for which they are used Right of rectification and erasure of data when it appears incorrect e.t.c Schedule 1 of the Data protection Act (1998) provided for eight principles which data controllers and processors are to apply when handling our personal data which is in conformity with the fair information principles mentioned above. 4.2ORGANIZATION OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ( OECD 1980) LAWS The OECD guidelines were adopted in 1980 on the protection of privacy and trans-border data flows of personal data. It comprised of 24 countries throughout the world and including the U.S and it was enacted to harmonize national privacy legislation and uphold human rights and prevent interruptions in international flows of data. The OECD 1980 guidelines include: (1)Collection limitation: There should be limits to the collection of personal data and it should be obtained by lawful means with the consent of the data subject where necessary (2)Data quality principle states that personal data should be relevant for the purposes in which they are used and should be accurate and up to date. (3)Purpose specification: The purpose for which the data was collected must be specified (4)Security safeguards principle for example loss, unauthorized access, destruction and so on should be observed. (5)Openness Principle (6)Individual participation principle (7)Accountability principle: A data controller should be accountable for complying with measures which give effect to the principles stated above (8) Use limitation principle: Personal data should not be disclosed, made available or used for purposes other than those specified except with the consent of the data subject or the law.  [32]   4.3 Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act (2001) This law was established to reduce the level of terrorism and crime and to provide for the retention of communications data and for many other connected purposes. This law is issued by the secretary of the state who from time to time can revise a code of practise in relation to the retention of communications providers of communications data obtained by and held by them in other to safeguard national security and prevent crime by virtue of section102 (1),(2) and (3) of the Act.  [33]   Judging from our analysis of a few laws, reports have shown that these privacy laws are not efficient enough to safeguard our privacy and personal data in a surveillance society. Other measures of regulation include: (1)Self regulation by the use of codes to regulates their conduct  [34]   (2)Privacy enhancing technologies (PET)  [35]   (3) Individual s

Top Glove Corporation Berhad Expansion

Top Glove Corporation Berhad Expansion 1. INTRODUCTION Top Glove Corporation Berhad founded by the husband and wife team of Tan Sri Dr. Lim Wee-Chai, as a company chairman and Puan Sri Tong Siew Bee, executive director. Establish in Malaysia in 1991, Top Glove operated with only one factory with three second-hand production lines. Nowadays, it is known as the world largest rubber glove manufacturer. Top Glove embarked an impressive expansion plan with the following position: World Largest Rubber Glove Manufacturer Existing (As at December 2010) 1. Number of Factories 20 2. Number of Production Lines 379 3. Total pieces of Gloves Produced (per year) 33.75 billion 4. Number of Employees 10,900 5. Countries of Export 180 6. Number of Customers 900 Top Glove was listed on Bursa Saham Kuala Lumpurs second board in 2001 and has been successfully promoted to the Main Market of the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange on May 16, 2002. Top Glove has over 15 years of experience in production of latex examination gloves (HWANGDBS Vickers Research, 2008). It has also diversified overseas and set up four factories in Thailand and two in China, in addition to the 12 facilities it has in Malaysia (CIMB Research Report, 2007). 1.2 Companys Core Business Top Gloves nature activities are manufacturing and trading rubber gloves, synthetic gloves and surgical gloves which are mostly used in medical, industrial and food services industries. With an approximated 80% of their product is in the form of natural rubber gloves and the remaining 20% are synthetic gloves (CIMB Research Report, 2007). Top Glove acts as a one-stop glove centre by offering a full range of services, from manufacturing glove products to packaging, branding, sales as well as distribution of finished glove products through its three primary sales offices in Klang, Malaysia; Azusa, California and Duisburg, Germany (HWANGDBS Vickers Research, 2008). About 95% of the company sales are for the export market. 1.3 Financial Performance According to annual report 2009, Top Glove has successfully achieved the company growth by showing the increase in net profit for the financial year. The remarkable growth of 54% of net profit in the year 2009 as compare to the year 2008 showing that Top Glove fully utilizes the advantage of its listing as public company to generate growth that is beneficial to the shareholders. 2. SALES ANALYSIS 2.1 Sales Growth Rates Total sales or total revenue is the first line on any company income statement. This figure is the amount of money that company receives during the specific time of period. Total revenue is very important to turn in money into a profit. In the past 5 years (2005 2009), Top Glove has been profitable. The sales growth for its products showing the increase in revenue for the every financial year. Top Gloves Revenue for the past 5 years Year Total Revenue (RMmil) 2004 418.1 2005 641.8 2006 992.6 2007 1228.8 2008 1377.9 2009 1529.1 Source: Top Glove Annual Report 2010 The sales growth rates (%) from year to year will be calculate as below; current sales previous sales ________________________ x 100 Previous sales Year Sales Growth Rates (%) From year to year Sales Growth Rates (%) From year 2005 2004 2005 53.50 2006 54.66 54.66 2007 23.80 91.46 2008 12.13 114.69 2009 10.97 138.25 Exponential functions can be applied in growth processes. The most widely accepted method in academics to calculate total growth can be represented by the functions; y = a(1 + r)X which; a = initial amount before measuring growth r = growth rate (often a percent) x = number of time intervals that have passed The exponential function in computing growth rates for Top Gloves are presented as below: 1. Year: 2005 Growth rates (%): 53.50 (0.5350) Revenue amount before measuring growth (RM000): 418.1 Exponential Growth Functions: y = a(1+r)x y = 418.1(1+0.5350)1 y = 641.8 2. Year: 2006 Growth rates (%): 54.66 (0.5466) Revenue amount before measuring growth (RM000): 641.8 Exponential Growth Functions: y = a(1+r)x y = 641.8(1+0.5466)1 y = 992.6 3. Year: 2007 Growth rates (%): 23.80 (0.2380) Revenue amount before measuring growth (RM000): 992.6 Exponential Growth Functions: y = a(1+r)x y = 992.6(1+0.2380)1 y = 1228.8 4. Year: 2008 Growth rates (%): 12.13 (0.1213) Revenue amount before measuring growth (RM000): 1228.8 Exponential Growth Functions: y = a(1+r)x y = 1228.8(1+0.1213)1 y = 1377.9 5. Year: 2009 Growth rates (%): 10.97 (0.1097) Revenue amount before measuring growth (RM000): 1377.9 Exponential Growth Functions: y = a(1+r)x y = 1377.9(1+0.1097)1 y = 1529.1 2.2 Growth Rates Analysis 53.5% growth in 2005, Top Glove and the glove industry facing an exciting and challenging year when unexpected hike in the prices of crude oil and raw material. Top Gloves has managed to maintained company performance by continue its aggressive capacity expansion to capture a bigger share of the world glove market. 54.66% in 2006, the sting of increasing oil and fuel prices continues to vibrate throughout the glove and healthcare industry. These two industries feel the most pressure in deciding how to react in this situation. This is because production cost would be driven up by the increased oil and fuel prices which will impacts on the capability to deliver the products. Top Gloves still continues to stand in progressing by control over its operation costs and learned to manage the increase in the cost of oil and fuel prices. Each manufacturer can standoff these costs by their own way, however price increases are inevitable (Jeannie and Dana, 2006). By the year 2007, Top Glove achieved a remarkable revenue growth of 23.8% to RM1,228.8 million. The growth was principally due to the continued increased in customer base globally and a higher volume of sales attributed to the increased capacity so that the company succeeds to face on the increase in operating costs. In year 2008, the growth slows to 12.13% caused by global economy. It was tough for the glove producer to continue the business due to the tight margin and only glove manufacturers with sizable economies of scale can survive (Malaysian Rubber Board, 2008). Top Glove definitely cannot be escaped from this phenomenon. However, Top Glove had experienced to face the current world financial crisis and continues companys ability to grow over the years. Year 2009 shows that the slower growth rate goes to 10.97% achieved by Top Glove. The company started the year with aware about a strong global demand of gloves especially in healthcare industry stimulated by the global economic recovery. Furthermore, the H1N1 pandemic caused the demand of gloves contributed in abnormal return to all rubber glove manufacturers including Top Glove. Top Glove had adapted well in current economic environment by which its earning was boosted by higher sales and higher costs efficiency (OSK, 2010). 3. SALES TREND Sales trend analysis is a review of sales during a specified period of time. It is could be increase, decrease or remain unchanged. The purpose of sales trend analysis is to monitoring performance and to predict future performance. Top Gloves sales trend increased year by year. It is showed that the company very focused on their nature business and will struggle to maintain companys mission as a world class glove manufacturer by providing best quality product as well as to toughen their position as the worlds largest rubber glove manufacturer. Top Gloves sales trend illustrated with a graph below; Based on the graph above, it is showed that Top Glove sales trend growing over the years. The growth might be supported by the high demanded from their customer. The surge of demand for rubber gloves used for medical and protection purpose forced glove industry to raise the selling price. Similarly, Top Glove also raised its products selling price to equalize the higher production costs. However, the demand for rubber gloves remained and was in fast growing even though the selling price was high. For the 5 years, Top Glove continued achieved a remarkable profit. The global phenomena such as H1N1 and SARS pandemic, hike in the price of oil and raw material, weather, war or world financial crisis which result in boost in the demand of rubber glove. Additionally, increase in health awareness worldwide also increases the demand of rubber glove. Top Glove succeed to adapt all the difficult situation year by year by their good planning of manufacturing processes and providing a high quality of product. 4. CONCLUSION As a conclusion, Top Glove Corporation Berhad continued achieved a remarkable profit by increasing their revenue and sales growth rate from year to year. The companys show strong sales performance was endorsed to high demand for gloves especially form healthcare industry and emerging market which demand for gloves is expected to growing for a double digit every year. Even though there are more challenges to overcome, Top Glove positive to increase their remarkable revenue and sales growth rates for every year and believe to maintain its leadership in the global market by continue providing a top quality of product.

War Essay -- essays research papers

The first issue to be considered is what is war and what is its definition. The student of war needs to be careful in examining definitions of war, for like any social phenomena, definitions are varied, and often the proposed definition masks a particular political or philosophical stance paraded by the author. This is as true of dictionary definitions as well as of articles on military or political history. Cicero defines war broadly as "a contention by force"; Hugo Grotius adds that "war is the state of contending parties, considered as such"; Thomas Hobbes notes that war is also an attitude: "By war is meant a state of affairs, which may exist even while its operations are not continued"; Denis Diderot comments that war is "a convulsive and violent disease of the body politic;" for Karl von Clausewitz, "war is the continuation of politics by other means", and so on. Each definition has its strengths and weaknesses, but often is the culmination of the writer's broader philosophical positions. For example, the notion that wars only involve states-as Clausewitz implies-belies a strong political theory that assumes politics can only involve states and that war is in some manner or form a reflection of political activity. 'War' defined by Webster's Dictionary is a state of open and declared, hostile armed conflict between states or nations, or a period of such conflict. This captures a particularly political-rationalistic account of war and warfare, i.e., that war needs to be explicitly declared and to be between states to be a war. We find Rousseau arguing this position: "War is constituted by a relation between things, and not between persons†¦War then is a relation, not between man and man, but between State and State†¦" (The Social Contract). The military historian, John Keegan offers a useful characterization of the political-rationalist theory of war in his A History of War. It is assumed to be an orderly affair in which states are involved, in which there are declared beginnings and expected ends, easily identifiable combatants, and high levels of obedience by subordinates. The form of rational war is narrowly defined, as distinguished by the expectation of sieges, pitched battles, skirmishes, raids, reconnaissance, patrol and outpost duties, with each possessing their own conventions. As ... ...ine war not just as a conflict between states (i.e., the rationalist position), but also a conflict between non-state peoples, non-declared actions, and highly organized, politically controlled wars as well as culturally evolved, ritualistic wars and guerrilla uprisings, that appear to have no centrally controlling body and may perhaps be described as emerging spontaneously. The political issue of defining war poses the first philosophical problem, but once that is acknowledged, a definition that captures the clash of arms, the state of mutual tension and threat of violence between groups, the authorized declaration by a sovereign body, and so on can be drawn upon to distinguish wars from riots and rebellions, collective violence from personal violence, metaphorical clashes of values from actual or threatened clashes of arms. Back to Table of Contents 2. What causes war? Various sub-disciplines have grappled with war's etiology, but each in turn, as with definitions of war, often reflects a tacit or explicit acceptance of broader philosophical issues on the nature of determinism and freedom. For example, if it is claimed that man is not free to choose his actions (strong

Acid Rain :: Environment Ecology Nature Essays Papers

Acid Rain If it was possible to peer into the future and see the environmental consequences of mankind’s actions, humans’ harmful contributions to the highly acidic rain levels would be apparent. Seeing the possibility of a tragic environment in the future would change the ways we treat our environment today and forever. The environment receives its main punishments from a variety of sources, ranging from car smog to industrial smog and waste. Acid rain, fog, sleet and snow all have severely harmful affects on our environment. In order to protect our environment, humans need to be conscious of the results of their actions and act responsibly to slow down, if not stop, the negative effects of acid rain on our plant, animal and human life. Acid rain is rain with a low PH level. A scale ranging from zero to fourteen defines the ph scale, with zero representing the most acidic, fourteen representing the most basic ph levels and seven representing neutral. Acid rain can formulate from sulfur and nitrogen, which is emmited by cars and coal fired generators. America and Europe are the leaders in the war against acid rain, and are fighting to protect our health and environment. One way these two regions are attempting to reduce acid rain is by encouraging the use of natural gases rather than coal in power plants. This is useful because natural gases contain less sulfur. Acid rain is detrimental to all living organisms and needs to be decreased. Acid rain affects the entire environment, especially plants and animals. One of the most harmful effects acid rain has on the ecosystem is its destruction of plant life. Acid rain containing highly acidic ph levels also greatly affects animal lives. After falling, acid rain flows directly from the plants, through the watershed and into a stream, river or lake, where it can dramatically affect aquatic life. During the flow of acid rain through soils and into the watershed system, aluminum is picked up and dispersed into the nearby streams, rivers and lakes. Aquatic life can live with a below normal acid level, but the additional aluminum deposited into the reservoir greatly affects the fish. All breathing organisms are also affected by the acid rain pollutants distributed into the air. The major source of these air pollutants is nitrogen oxide from vehicles and industrial sites where fossil fuels are burned. Acid Rain :: Environment Ecology Nature Essays Papers Acid Rain If it was possible to peer into the future and see the environmental consequences of mankind’s actions, humans’ harmful contributions to the highly acidic rain levels would be apparent. Seeing the possibility of a tragic environment in the future would change the ways we treat our environment today and forever. The environment receives its main punishments from a variety of sources, ranging from car smog to industrial smog and waste. Acid rain, fog, sleet and snow all have severely harmful affects on our environment. In order to protect our environment, humans need to be conscious of the results of their actions and act responsibly to slow down, if not stop, the negative effects of acid rain on our plant, animal and human life. Acid rain is rain with a low PH level. A scale ranging from zero to fourteen defines the ph scale, with zero representing the most acidic, fourteen representing the most basic ph levels and seven representing neutral. Acid rain can formulate from sulfur and nitrogen, which is emmited by cars and coal fired generators. America and Europe are the leaders in the war against acid rain, and are fighting to protect our health and environment. One way these two regions are attempting to reduce acid rain is by encouraging the use of natural gases rather than coal in power plants. This is useful because natural gases contain less sulfur. Acid rain is detrimental to all living organisms and needs to be decreased. Acid rain affects the entire environment, especially plants and animals. One of the most harmful effects acid rain has on the ecosystem is its destruction of plant life. Acid rain containing highly acidic ph levels also greatly affects animal lives. After falling, acid rain flows directly from the plants, through the watershed and into a stream, river or lake, where it can dramatically affect aquatic life. During the flow of acid rain through soils and into the watershed system, aluminum is picked up and dispersed into the nearby streams, rivers and lakes. Aquatic life can live with a below normal acid level, but the additional aluminum deposited into the reservoir greatly affects the fish. All breathing organisms are also affected by the acid rain pollutants distributed into the air. The major source of these air pollutants is nitrogen oxide from vehicles and industrial sites where fossil fuels are burned.